Ocular Melanosis

What is Ocular Melanosis (OM)?

OM is known to be a progressive pigment proliferation affecting the eye. More specifically, this takes place when there is an increase of melanocytes located in the iris, sclera, and surrounding structures. This excess of pigmentation will block the eye’s drainage pores causing increased fluid pressure. As a result, the dog may experience secondary glaucoma and possibly blindness. In addition, this disorder tends to be bilateral (happens to both eyes); however the occurrence in both eyes may happen at different times.

Symptoms

This disease is somewhat slow in its progression and will normally not show any signs until the dog reaches the age of 4 or older. OM will show signs of coloring (pigmentation) in the eye. Thickening of the iris roots is also common.

Causes

This disease is said to be inherited or passed on by the parents. Moreover, OM is primarily related to Cairn Terriers.

Treatment and Prevention

If OM is detected at the early stages of the disease, then different medications are available that focus on relieving the amount of fluid being produced by the eye and also removing the current fluid that has been built up. Other medications help reduce the overall production of pigmentation in the eye. If the medicated treatments fail, then removing the eye may be advised. In order to prevent OM, it is best to not breed carriers of the disease. Be sure to consult with your vet for further information and advice regarding this disorder.

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Ocular Melanosis